(x^2 + x)/2 = y
x = the final integer, y = the sum
1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6 + 7 = 28
(7^2 + 7)/2 = (49 + 7)/2 = 56/2 = 28
In this case, x = 7 & y = 28
1 + 2 + 3 + ... + 100 = 5,050
(100^2 + 10)/2 = (10,000 + 100)/2 = 10,100/2 = 5,050
In this case, x = 100 & y = 5,050
If you have a graphing calculator, then you can insert the function at the top of this Web page into your calculator to see the sums in one column(y), and the final integer(s) you chose in the other column(x)! You could also see that it's a quadratic function. Also, notice that the differences of the sums are consecutive integers!
1 + 2 + 3 + ... + 250 = 31,375
(250^2 + 250)/2 = (62,500 + 250)/2 = 62,750/2 = 31,375
In this case, x = 250 & y = 31,375
1 + 2 + 3 + ... + 666 = 222,111
(666^2 + 666)/2 = (443,556 + 666)/2 = 444,222/2 = 222,111
In this case, x = 666 & y = 222,111
To add more info to Goldilocks' comment, if x = 0, then y = 0, according to the function. (Zero is an integer, too!) Furthermore, zero & one are the only 2 idempotent numbers; they're the only 2 numbers that are their own squares.
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© Derek Cumberbatch